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摘要:以新红星苹果为试材,接纳果实圆片孵育系统研究了外源糖对SDH和SOX活性的影响。效果注解:在整个发育过程中,苹果果实的SDH活性与葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖含量间不存在较着的相关性;而SOX活性与葡萄糖和果糖含量间存在极较着的相关性。外源山梨醇和蔗糖均可提高发育前期和发育后期苹果果实的SDH和SOX活性,其中以山梨醇的诱导浸染最为较着。外源葡萄糖对SDH活性的增添具有较着的促进浸染,但按捺SOX活性,而外源果糖对苹果果实SDH和SOX活性的诱导效果与葡萄糖正好相反。效果还注解,外源糖对发育前期苹果果实SDH和SOX的诱导浸染均较着高于对发育后期苹果果实的诱导浸染。由此揣度,苹果果实中山梨醇代谢相关酶的活性转变受到可溶性糖的调控。
关键词:苹果果实;外源糖;山梨醇脱氢酶;山梨醇氧化酶
Effects of Soluble Sugars on Related Enzyme Activities of Sorbitol Metabolism in Developing Apple Fruit
YE Cheng-rong, LIU Geng-sen, WANG Yong-zhang, LI PEi-huan, LIU Cheng-lian ,YUAN Yong-bing
(College of Gardens and Horticulture, Qingdao Agriculture University, Qingdao, Shandong 266109, China)
Abstract: The regulating effects of soluble sugars on activities of SDH and SOX were studied in ‘Starkrimson’ apple fruits through disk incubation. The results showed that the activities of SDH in apple fruit had no significant correlation with the concentrations of glucose, fructose and sucrose during the whole developmental period. However, the activities of SOX had significant positive correlation with glucose and fructose concentrations. The results also indicated that exogenous sorbitol and sucrose highly increased the activities of SDH and SOX, moreover, the exogenous glucose indicated the highest promoting effects on SDH activity, but inhibited the activity of SOX significantly. On the other hand, the exogenous fructose showed reverse regulating action on SDH and SOX activities compared with exogenous glucose. The exogenous study also indicated that the regulating effects of exogenous sugars on the fruit at early developmental stage were much higher compared with the fruit at late developmental stage. It is concluded that the metabolism of sorbitol in apple fruit was regulated by soluble sugars.
Key words: apple fruit; exogenous sugar; sorbitol dehydrogenase; sorbitol oxidase
果实所蕴蓄糖的种类、含量及比率是决意其品格及商品价钱的主要成分[1]。近几年众多研究效果注解,可溶性糖不只作为代谢基质为植物发育供给能量和中央产物,而且还具有旗子记号功能,可经过过程多条路子在分歧水平上调节糖代谢相关酶的基因表达和酶活性转变[2-3]。山梨醇作为苹果光公约化产物的首要输出和运输形式[1, 4],在苹果果实内可被迅速转化[4]。山梨醇脱氢酶(SDH)和山梨醇氧化酶(SOX)是列入山梨醇代谢的关键酶,其中SDH将山梨醇还原功效糖,SOX将山梨醇氧化成葡萄糖[4-6]。发育过程中,苹果果实SDH和SOX活性转变与可溶性糖含量间的相干尚不清晰,本研究以新红星苹果为试材对比进行了切磋与剖析。
1 材料和方式
1.1 材料
试验于2009─2010年在青岛农业大学果树试验中央进行。以12年生新红星(Malus domestica Borkh. cv. Starkrimson)为试材,树势中庸,成长发育正常,常规田间治理。从花后距离15 d取样1次,每次随机取50个果实,果肉用液氮速冻后置-80 ℃超低温冰箱贮存备用。离别在花后50 d和100 d进行外源糖孵育试验。
1.2方式
1.2.1可溶性糖的测定葡萄糖、果糖和蔗糖的测定接纳高效液相色谱法(HPLC)[7]。柱温40 ℃,流速2 mL/min,RID示差检测器;行为相为乙腈∶水=83∶17,每次进样体积为20 μl,凭据样品峰面积和尺度曲线策画蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖含量。
1.2.2果实圆片试验参照Beruter等[8]的方式略有改动。将花后50 d和100 d的果实朋分成直径1.0 cm,厚0.1 cm的圆片,在平衡缓冲液中平衡30 min后进行外源糖孵育试验。取5 g果肉圆片与20 mL离别插手浓度为100 mmol·L-1的葡萄糖、果糖、山梨醇、蔗糖的MES缓冲液夹杂(用100 mmol·L-1甘露醇调节各回响反映液的渗透势),放入50 mL的三角瓶中,在摇床上振荡回响反映16 h(25 ℃),测定SDH和SOX的活性。3次频频。
1.2.3酶液的制备及酶活性测定称取1 g果肉于研钵内,加少量石英砂和5 mL的50 mmol·L-1 HEPES-NaOH(pH 7.5),冰浴研磨匀浆,12 000 g,4 ℃离心20 min。上清液用稀释10倍的提取缓冲液透析15 h。参照Yamaki等[5]的方式测定SDH和SOX的活性。
2 效果与剖析
2.1 发育过程中苹果果实山梨醇代谢相关酶活性及可溶性糖含量转变
图1注解,发育前期,苹果果实的SDH和SOX活性均较低。从花后45 d最先,SDH活性增添较着,到花后75 d,SDH活性达到最高,之后随果实发育慢慢下降直至果实成熟。与SDH的活性转变对比,整个发育过程中SOX活性较低且转变较小。在发育前期,SOX与SDH活性差异不较着。从花后45 d最先,SOX活性迟缓上升,到花后120 d达到最大值,但较着低于SDH活性。
从图2可以看出,发育早期新红星苹果果实的果糖和蔗糖含量均较低,而葡萄糖含量在花后30 d有必然增添。跟着果实的发育,从花后60 d最先,果糖和葡萄糖含量迅速增添,其中以果糖的蕴蓄最为较着。到果实发育后期,新红星苹果果实的果糖含量最高,葡萄糖含量次之。纵不雅观苹果果实的整个发育过程,蔗糖含量仅在发育后期才有必然的增添,但最终含量仍较低,远低于果糖和葡萄糖的含量。