论文花样 http:///example_format/,理当简明简要、结构严谨,既能惹人注目,又便于选定反映论文特点的关键词及引证、编目和检索。国内期刊的论文题目(GB-7713-87)划定日常不超出20个字,英文题目的适用词日常节制在10个以内。本文首要切磋医学英语论文题目写作的体裁特点。
1　题目的结构
1.1　主题目　英语题目大多是由名词短语组成,少数为介词短语、动名词短语、陈述句(句末不用句号)或疑问句(句末加问号),但国内医学论文题目很少用疑问句表达。名词短语首要由一个名词或若干很多若干并列的名词,加上前置或后置润色语组成。常见的前置定语著名词、形容词和分词,后置定语有介词短语、分词短语和不定式短语等。例如:
(1)何杰金病放射治疗引起的甲状腺癌:Thyroid
carcinoma induced by irradiation for Hodgkin’s disease
(名词短语)
(2)节制直肠癌切磋:Controlling rectal cancer(动名词短语)
(3)原发性肝癌临床诊断切磋:On clinical diagno-sis of primary carcinoma of liver(介词短语)
(4)人类hR24L基因列入DNA切除修复和重组修复的研究:Human hR24Lgene is involved in DNA ex-cision repair and recombination repair(陈述句)
(5)局部刺激影响人的胃排空吗? Does locol ir-radiation affect gastric emptying in human? (疑问句)
1.2　副题目　副题目是对主题目的增补和声名,或是为了凸起论文某方面的内容。主副题目的汉语和英文结构根底相似,有时也不尽不异。主副题目之间常以冒号或破折号分隔。在国内医学期刊中,副题目较为少见,而在国外医学期刊中较多行使副题目,用来凸起病例数目、研究重点等[1]。例如:
(1)凸起病例数　如:带模支架腔内搭桥治疗动脉瘤6例申报:Endoluminal stent-graft for aortic aneu-rysms: A report of 6 cases
(2)凸起研究重点　如:糖尿病新的诊断尺度:Diabetes mellitus: New diagnostic criteria
(3)凸起研究方式　如:肝素疗法前瞻性随机研究:Heparin therapy: A randomized prospective study
(4)凸起浸染　如:Prazodine———一种新的治疗高血压的血管扩张剂:Prazodine: A new vasodilatorused for treatment of hypertension
(5)提出疑问　如:尚未治理的题目问题———喝酒者冠芥蒂少吗? Unresolved: Do drinkers have less coro-nary heart disease?
(6)透露表现长篇连载论文各分篇的主题　该部门日常在副题目前加罗马数字Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ等,以透露表现一连性。如:人类血清的理化研究:Ⅰ.29例肾炎患者的研究:Physical and chemical studies of human blood se-rum:Ⅰ.A study of 29 cases of nephritis
(7)声名研究时刻　如:中国烧伤护理综合研究:1997~2001:A collaborative study of burn nursing inChina: 1997~2001
1.3　题目中央词的位置　每条题目都有中央词,它们是能高度归纳综合论文中央内容和主题的词语,要将其置于凸起的位置。中央词的内容日常是研究方式、器械、目的和效果等,英文常用名词、名词短语、动名词短语或分词短语。有的中央名词可凭据需要
决意用单数照样用复数。例如:
(1)叶天士活血化疗淤法切磋:An approach to theprinciple of activating circulation and relieving stasis for-mulated by Ye Tianshi
“切磋”为中央词,在译文中需置于首位。“活血化淤疗法”则为“叶天士”所提出,称为“叶天士活血化淤疗法”,可译为“Ye Tianshi’s principle of activatingcirculation and relieving stasis”,也可将其用曩昔分词短语透露表现,置于结尾,以凸起“叶天士……疗法”,与原文整齐。
(2)针疗对冠芥蒂心绞痛患者左心功能状况的影响:The acupuncture effect on left ventricular functionin patients with coronary heart disease and angina pectoris“影响”为中央词,但它在本文中的意思为“疗效”,因为“针疗”是一种治疗疾病的方式,“针疗的疗效”可译为“acupuncture effect (on)”。“左心功能状况”是表类属的定语,应紧跟“影响”。“患者patients(with)”润色“左心功能状况”,“冠芥蒂心绞痛”润色患者”。层层润色相干在译文中均以介词透露表现,译
文简练而了了。
2　题目中的常见句式[1]
在汉语题目中,常泛起“切磋”、“研究”、“视察”、体味”、“题目问题”等词语。译成英文时,要注重对这些套语的处置责罚。若这些词语之前有具体内容,就要悉数译出;在没有具体内容的情形下,这些词语可略去不译,这并不影响题目的本色性内容。国外文题日常无“初步体味、试论、浅析”等透露表现谦逊的措辞,而是直接注解作者本意。例如:
(1)切磋;研究:discussion of/on, an approach to, aprobe into, investigation of/on, evaluation of, on, study/studies of/on/in,如:10例Wilson病临床与病理研究:Wilsons disease: A clinical and pathological study of 10cases
(2)对……的影响(浸染):effect/influence of…on;主要性:significance of,如:苯对白细胞毒性的浸染:Toxic effect of benzene on leucocytes
(3)视察(申报,效果):an observation/observationsof/on/in,如:过敏性鼻炎342例脱敏疗效视察申报:Clinical observation on 342 cases with allergic rhinitis
(4)察看:survey/investigation of/on,如:慢性肾功能衰竭的甲状旁腺切除疗法38例察看:Parathyroid-ectomy in chronic renal failure: Survey of 38 cases
(5)体味(履历):experience in/with,如:洋地黄类药物门诊治疗心力衰竭的用药体味:Treatment ofheart failure with lanatoside medication
(6)总结:experience, experience of,如:小儿心肌炎8年临床履历总结:Myocarditis among children: Aneight-year clinical experience
(7)题目问题:problemof, aspecton,如:甲状腺机能亢进手术治疗的几个题目问题:Certain problems of the surgi-cal treatment of hyperparathyroidism
(8)申报:a report of/on,如:青少年桡骨远端骨骺损伤附51例申报:Distal epiphysis injury of radius inadolescence: A report of 51 cases
(9)评估(判定) Assessment/evaluation/estimation/appraisal/calculation/valuation/appreciation of,如:肝功能的判定:Assessment of liver function
(10)相干,相关,对照,较量:relationship/correla-tion/association,comparison/contrast等作中央词,后接of…and,of…with或between…and,如:甲烷发生的细菌与纤毛虫的相干:Correlation of methanogenicbacteria with ovine rumsu ciliates
(11)手艺,行使,特征,效果,方式,模式,证据,介绍: technique, use, property/characteristics/feature,result, method, model, evidence/proof,introduction等作中央词,后接介词for, of, to, in等,或用带to的不定式短语,如:结肠腺癌细胞线SW620生物特征:Bio-
logical properties of the human colonic adenocarchinomacell lines SW620.
(12)(药物)治疗:A治疗B(A=药物名称,B=病名),A in the treatment/management of B, treatment ofB withA, use ofA in the treatmentof B, Atherapy/treat-ment of B, A in/for B,如:可乐亭治疗高血压:Cloni-dine in the treatment of hypertension
(13)(非药物)治疗:A治疗B(A=治疗方式,B=病名),A for/in B, A in the treatment of B, treatment
of B by A,如:甲状旁腺切除治疗慢性肾功能衰竭:Parathyroidectomy for chronic renal failure
(14)诊断:A诊断B(A=诊断方式,B=病名),Ain the diagnosis of B, assay/detection ofA in B, diagnosisof B by/with A, detection of B by A, application of A tothe diagnosis of B,A in B如:心脏病患者肌酐激酶同功酶的测定:Detection of creatine kinase isoenzymes inheart disease
3　题目写作中若干很多若干题目问题的处置责罚
.1　题目中的缩略词和数字　题目中应行使公认的缩略词语

特别申明：本站不是杂志社，可提供论文发表咨询，价格更合理，欢迎咨询！